Inde kangakanani impilo yesevisi yamavalvu ovemvane ngokujwayelekile?

Impilo yesevisi yeizivalo uvemvanekuthintwa izici eziningi ezithandelene, ngokuvamile ezishintshashintshayo phakathi kwebanga leminyaka emi-5 kuye kwengama-20. 

Izahlulelo eziqondile zidinga ukwenziwa ngokusekelwe kokubalulekile, izimo zokusebenza, imvamisa yokusebenza, nezinga lokunakekela. Umehluko wokuphila okuyisisekelo ungenxa yomehluko wedizayini ezakhiweni zokuvala: amavalvu ovemvane avaliwe ancike ezintweni ezinwebekayo njengerabha noma i-polytetrafluoroethylene ukuze afinyelele ukuvala. Nakuba lezi zinto zisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuvala, zivame ukukhasa futhi ziguge lapho zingaphansi kwengcindezi ephakathi, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, nokuvuleka nokuvala njalo, okuholela ekuguquguqukeni noma ekuqhekekeni kwendawo yokuvala. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezijwayelekile nezimo zamanzi ahlanzekile, i-valve ye-butterfly evaliwe ethambile ingavulwa futhi ivalwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-50000, ngokuphila kweminyaka engaba ngu-5 kuya kwengu-8; Uma isetshenziswa kusistimu yokudlulisa equkethe imidiya ye-granular, ukuguguleka kwezinhlayiyana kuzosheshisa ukuguga kwendawo yokuvala, futhi impilo yesevisi ingase incishiswe ibe iminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5. I-valve uvemvane evalwe ngokuqinile ithatha insimbi ibe yinsimbi evalekayo (njengensimbi engagqwali, insimbi ye-chromium molybdenum), futhi ukumelana kwayo nokugqokwa kuthuthukiswa ngokushisela i-alloy eqinile noma ngokufafaza inamathela engagugi. Isakhiwo sayo esine-eccentric sifinyelela inqubo yokuvula nokuvala ngaphandle kokungqubuzana ngokusebenzisa i-axis enezinhlangothi ezintathu, indawo yekhoni nendawo yokuxhumana, kunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuguga. Emapayipini okushisa aphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu we-steam, izikhathi zokuvula nokuvala zama-butterfly valves avalwe ngokuqinile zingadlula izikhathi ezingu-100000, futhi ukuphila kwazo kungafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengu-20; Uma okuphakathi kuyisixazululo samakhemikhali esigqwala kakhulu, izinto ezimelana nokugqwala njenge-Hastelloy kufanele zisetshenziswe. Nakuba isikhathi sokuphila singafinyezwa kancane ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo, isengasebenza ngokuzinza iminyaka eyi-8 kuye kweyi-15.

Izimo zokusebenza zingesinye isici esibalulekile esinquma ubude bempilo yeizivalo uvemvane. Kumithombo yezindaba ehlanzekile, izindawo ezithambile, kanye nezimo zokusebenza zefrikhwensi ephansi, izingxenye zamavalvu zingaphansi kwamandla afanayo, namazinga aphansi okuguga kanye neminyaka yokuphila ngokuvamile esondela emkhawulweni ophezulu wethiyori. Isibonelo, ezinhlelweni zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi emadolobheni, ama-valve evemvane avaliwe angavulwa futhi avalwe izikhathi ezingaphansi kwezi-5 ngosuku, futhi ngokulungiswa okufanele, isikhathi sabo sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-8 kuya kweyi-10. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezimeni ezinzima zokusebenza njengobunjiniyela bensimbi nobunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-400 ℃), ukucindezela okuphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-10MPa), ukugqwala okuqinile (njengezixazululo ze-acid-base), noma ukuguga okuphezulu (okufana ne-slurry nomlotha) imidiya ingasheshisa ukuguga kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokulimala kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, epayipini legesi yesithando somlilo esitshalweni sensimbi, ivalve uvemvane evalwe ngokuqinile idinga ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingu-800 ℃ kanye nokuhanjwa komoya othulile. Ngisho nokuvikelwa kwe-ceramic enamathela, impilo yayo yesevisi ingagcinwa kuphela iminyaka emi-5 kuye kweyi-8.

Umthelela wemikhuba yokusebenza nezinga lokulondoloza esikhathini sokuphila akunakuzitshwa. Ukuvula nokuvala njalo (izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ngosuku) kungabhebhethekisa ukuguga ezingxenyeni zokudlulisela ezifana neziqu ze-valve nama-bearings, okuholela ekwandeni kokuvula nokuvala i-torque ngisho nokugxumeka; Ukwehluleka ukunakekela ngokuya ngemininingwane (njengokungagcobi njalo noma ukuhlanza ukungcola endaweni evalekayo) kuzosheshisa ukuguga kwezimpawu futhi kufinyeze impilo yonke yevalvu. Isibonelo, embonini yamakhemikhali, ukwehluleka ukushintsha njalo indandatho yokuvala isihlalo se-valve kubangele ukuvuza okukhulu kwe-valve ngemva kweminyaka engu-3 yokusebenza, kuyilapho i-valve egcinwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezifanayo ingaba nempilo efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha okufanele, ukusebenza okujwayelekile, nokugcinwa okuvamile kungamasu asemqoka okwandisa impilo yesevisi yeizivalo uvemvane.